TECHNICAL INQUIRIES RECEIVED REPORT
Review period: 05/12/2022 to 09/12/2022
POULTRY
- Immunosuppressive virus infections
Virus Infection => disease caused by pathogenic viruses.
Immunosuppression => inhibition of normal immune response due to non-infectious and infectious causes.
The viruses that cause immunosuppressive diseases damage the tissues and organs of the immunocompetent system, thus decreasing the defence mechanisms against other pathogens.
Viral pathogens that can induce immunosuppression include: infectious bursitis virus, hemorrhagic enteritis virus, Marek’s disease virus, reovirus, avian metapneumovirus, Newcastle disease virus, infectious laryngotracheitis virus, avian influenza virus, chicken infectious anemia virus, retroviruses, as well as adenoviruses of the birds.
For example, the Gumboro virus replicates in the lymphoid follicles of the bursa of Fabricius, causing lysis of the B lymphocyte; Marek’s disease virus also causes early B cell cytolysis; and the anemia virus destroys the stem cell and T lymphocyte in the thymus. Immunosuppressive viruses damage the primary organs, bursa and thymus.
- Coccidiosis in broilers in Korea
Coccidiosis is a disease of parasitic aetiology caused by different species of the genus Eimeria. And it is one of the most common diseases in poultry worldwide.
In Korea, particularly, it has a prevalence of 75%, with Eimeria species resistant to drugs. Prevalence that has been maintained during the last decade, despite the use of coccidiostats.
A natural alternative to coccidiostats, which does not generate resistance and does not require a withdrawal period, is Alquernat Zycox. It is an intestinal optimizer that stimulates the local immune system, breaks the reproductive cycle of coccidia and prevents their multiplication.
PORCINE
- Infections related to teeth clipping in piglets
The teeth clipping in piglets consists of trimming the fangs a few hours after birth, since they are born with canines and incisors.
This practice is commonly justified because it reduces injury to the dam’s mammary glands during lactation and to her littermates during teat competition.
But, in addition to the pain, fear and stress suffered by the piglet, it can cause diseases such as pulpitis, gingivitis and chipping of the teeth.
By leaving splinters, the fangs begin to be injured, as well as the tongue, the lip, the gums that over time these lesions would become abscesses, which will cause the piglet to stop feeding in such a way that its gain of weight would be reduced (Cantu, 1987).
Another pathology associated with tooth pulling is the appearance of necrotic rhinitis, caused by the bacterium Fusobacterium necrophorum, and characterized by the accumulation of pus in the nasal turbinates and necrosis of the snout.
Bibliography
- https://www.elsitioavicola.com/articles/2101/enfermedades-inmunosupresoras-de-las-aves-diagnastico-y-control/#:~:text=Los%20pat%C3%B3genos%20virales%20que%20pueden,de%20la%20Influenza%20aviar%2C%20virus
- https://avinews.com/virus-inmunosupresores/
- https://bmcvetres.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12917-022-03369-3#Abs1
- https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20234110/
- https://repositorio.espe.edu.ec/bitstream/21000/23440/7/T-ESPESD-003103.pdf
- Cantu, M. (Febrero de 1987). Efecto de descolmillado en lechones. Recuperado el 04 de Agosto de 2019, de http://cdigital.dgb.uanl.mx/te/tl/1080061138.pd
- https://bmeditores.mx/porcicultura/el-dolor-asociado-a-practicas-rutinarias-en-lechones/
- https://razasporcinas.com/necrobacilosis-bucal-en-lechones-el-peligro-de-cortar-colmillos/
- https://igualdadanimal.mx/blog/cuales-son-las-intervenciones-dolorosas-a-los-cerdos-y-por-que-se-permiten/